Dental
If you have ever had any kind of teeth problem, you know that it's probably all you can think about. Any serious problems with your mouth will severely diminish your quality of life. I actually knew a guy whose teeth hurt so much he got drunk one night and pulled out a good portion of his teeth by himself.
Prevention is the best course of action for everything during a SHTF event. Ensure you have lots of toothbrushes, toothpaste, and dental floss for both you and your kids. Brush your teeth after every meal and floss daily. Keep on top of the kids.
For minor problems in a short term situation you are going to want some kind of pain relief. A product like Orajel would be the first line of defense.
Second might be a filling repair kit . Staying on top of problems or dental pain during an event will allow you to focus your full attention on staying alive.
I shouldn't have to mention this but everything below here is for absolute do or die situations. Never do any of this if you have any other choices. Things could go seriously wrong in the blink of an eye.
If you are in a longer term SHTF situation, you are going to have to handle emergencies within your family or group. If you have the money there are some great dental emergency kits available.
While I usually suggest practicing as much as possible with any medical kit, I can't image getting a chance to do some practice dental surgery or pull a tooth. You're probably going to have to just deal with whatever situation is in front of you.
If kits are too expensive, you can build your own slowly over time. Surprisingly you can buy most items without a license.
Start with an instructional book: Where there is no dentist. This book was written for smaller communities without access to a dentist, so it's perfect for our purposes.
Like almost all of history the most common fix for a dental problem during a SHTF event will be to just pull a tooth. Here is an 8 piece dental extraction kit- the meat and bones of a first aid dental emergency kit.
Absolutely horrifying for most people, I am including a short video to give you and idea of how these tools are actually used. Be warned, it's pretty graphic.
Now you can slowly start adding all the little things that would make the kit:
Masks
Gloves
Cotton pellets or rolls
Needle and sutures etc.
If you are not sure what to add, check out the premade kit for ideas. (Bloom and Doom is a great company, if you can afford to buy the kit please do so).
Longer term you are probably going to let things slide at some point. If things get away from you here is a Dental cleaning tool kit to descale your teeth. Not one of those things you would necessarily worry about until you have a real problem, but they are cheap and don't expire.
In the book Where there is no dentist they talk about air or foot powered dental drills. Right now it would be easy to assemble a dental drill and some way to power it. If you had access to a dentist (or someone willing to learn) during an extended SHTF situation, you might not have to pull so many teeth. It's prepping for the long term, but not overly expensive if you are putting together a small community.
Not sure why, but Ebay seems to be a great place to get dental drills. You will need the drill and an adaptor, and some drill bits.
In addition to the dental portion, you are going to need some some silicone tubing, an air compressor (or another way to compress air), air blow gun and a regulator which are all readily available at a hardware store.